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NAR promotes <t>LYVE1</t> expression in lung macrophages. (A) Differentially expressed genes of LYVE1 were screened out from lung tissue of CIA-ILD mice and lung tissue of NAR + CIA-ILD mice. (B) The expression of LYVE1 protein levels in the human tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 4). (C) The expression of LYVE1 protein levels in the mice lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) BLM in alveolar lavage fluid of RA-ILD patients were sifted by flow cytometry. (F-G) The expression of LYVE1 mRNA and protein levels in BLM induced by NAR at different concentrations for 48 h were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (H) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and CD68 (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, scale bar: 10 μm ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Lyve1, supplied by Biosynth Carbosynth, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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1) Product Images from "Naringin nanoparticles alleviate RA-ILD pulmonary fibrosis by targeting 14-3-3ζ to inhibit LYVE1 + macrophages TGF-β1 secretion"

Article Title: Naringin nanoparticles alleviate RA-ILD pulmonary fibrosis by targeting 14-3-3ζ to inhibit LYVE1 + macrophages TGF-β1 secretion

Journal: Materials Today Bio

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102982

NAR promotes LYVE1 expression in lung macrophages. (A) Differentially expressed genes of LYVE1 were screened out from lung tissue of CIA-ILD mice and lung tissue of NAR + CIA-ILD mice. (B) The expression of LYVE1 protein levels in the human tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 4). (C) The expression of LYVE1 protein levels in the mice lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) BLM in alveolar lavage fluid of RA-ILD patients were sifted by flow cytometry. (F-G) The expression of LYVE1 mRNA and protein levels in BLM induced by NAR at different concentrations for 48 h were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (H) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and CD68 (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, scale bar: 10 μm ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Figure Legend Snippet: NAR promotes LYVE1 expression in lung macrophages. (A) Differentially expressed genes of LYVE1 were screened out from lung tissue of CIA-ILD mice and lung tissue of NAR + CIA-ILD mice. (B) The expression of LYVE1 protein levels in the human tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 4). (C) The expression of LYVE1 protein levels in the mice lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) BLM in alveolar lavage fluid of RA-ILD patients were sifted by flow cytometry. (F-G) The expression of LYVE1 mRNA and protein levels in BLM induced by NAR at different concentrations for 48 h were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (H) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and CD68 (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, scale bar: 10 μm ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Quantitative RT-PCR, Confocal Microscopy

NAR targets 14-3-3ζ to promote LYVE1 expression in lung macrophages. (A) The target prediction process of NAR acting on BLM. (B) The expression of 14-3-3ζ protein levels in the human lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 4). (C) The expression of 14-3-3ζ protein levels in lung tissue of experimental mice were analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for 14-3-3ζ (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) The predictive model of NAR binding to 14-3-3ζ. (F) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and 14-3-3ζ (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48h, scale bar: 10 μm. (G) NAR binding affinity to 14-3-3ζ was determined by MST. (H-I) Binding ability of NAR to 14-3-3ζ at different temperatures (H) and different doses (I) was analyzed by CETSA. (J) BLM were transfected by OE-14-3-3ζ mRNA, and were induced with 150 μM NAR for 48 h. The expression of LYVE1/14-3-3ζ protein levels were analyzed by western blotting. (n = 3); (K) Luciferase activity assay was conducted on BLM transfected by OE-14-3-3ζ mRNA and treated with 150 μM NAR for 48 h (n = 3). (L-M) BLM were transfected by si-14-3-3ζ RNA, and were induced with 150 μM NAR for 48 h. The expression of LYVE1/14-3-3ζ mRNA and protein levels were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Figure Legend Snippet: NAR targets 14-3-3ζ to promote LYVE1 expression in lung macrophages. (A) The target prediction process of NAR acting on BLM. (B) The expression of 14-3-3ζ protein levels in the human lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 4). (C) The expression of 14-3-3ζ protein levels in lung tissue of experimental mice were analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for 14-3-3ζ (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) The predictive model of NAR binding to 14-3-3ζ. (F) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and 14-3-3ζ (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48h, scale bar: 10 μm. (G) NAR binding affinity to 14-3-3ζ was determined by MST. (H-I) Binding ability of NAR to 14-3-3ζ at different temperatures (H) and different doses (I) was analyzed by CETSA. (J) BLM were transfected by OE-14-3-3ζ mRNA, and were induced with 150 μM NAR for 48 h. The expression of LYVE1/14-3-3ζ protein levels were analyzed by western blotting. (n = 3); (K) Luciferase activity assay was conducted on BLM transfected by OE-14-3-3ζ mRNA and treated with 150 μM NAR for 48 h (n = 3). (L-M) BLM were transfected by si-14-3-3ζ RNA, and were induced with 150 μM NAR for 48 h. The expression of LYVE1/14-3-3ζ mRNA and protein levels were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Binding Assay, Confocal Microscopy, Transfection, Luciferase, Activity Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR

NAR-induced LYVE1 + macrophages suppress EMT in pulmonary epithelial cells and FMT in lung fibroblasts. (A) CD68 + LYVE1 - BLM and CD68 + LYVE1 + BLM were sorted by flow cytometry. (B-C) After LYVE1 + BLM and LYVE1 - BLM were induced by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, analyzed the expression of LYVE1 and 14-3-3ζ mRNA and protein levels by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (D) The flowchart of co-culture of NAR-induced BLM and A549/HFL1 cells. (E-F) Scratch experiment, added LYVE1 - BLM and LYVE1 + BLM which were induced by NAR, and set up Ctrl. Scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (G-H) Transwell invasion experiment, LYVE1 - BLM and LYVE1 + BLM incubated with 150 μM NAR for 48h were added to the lower chamber of 24-well plate and Ctrl was set, and A549 cells were added to the upper chamber. scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (I-J) LYVE1 - BLM/LYVE1 + BLM and A549 cells were co-cultured with 150 μM NAR for 48 h, and analyzed the expression of EMT-related (E-cadherin, vimentin) mRNA and protein levels of A549 cells by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (K-L) LYVE1 - BLM/LYVE1 + BLM and HFL1 cells were co-cultured with 150 μM NAR induction for 48h, and analyzed the expression of FMT-related (fibronectin, COL1A1, α-SMA) mRNA and protein levels of HFL1 cells by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (M) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for E-cadherin, vimentin, fibronectin, COL1A1 and α-SMA (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Figure Legend Snippet: NAR-induced LYVE1 + macrophages suppress EMT in pulmonary epithelial cells and FMT in lung fibroblasts. (A) CD68 + LYVE1 - BLM and CD68 + LYVE1 + BLM were sorted by flow cytometry. (B-C) After LYVE1 + BLM and LYVE1 - BLM were induced by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, analyzed the expression of LYVE1 and 14-3-3ζ mRNA and protein levels by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (D) The flowchart of co-culture of NAR-induced BLM and A549/HFL1 cells. (E-F) Scratch experiment, added LYVE1 - BLM and LYVE1 + BLM which were induced by NAR, and set up Ctrl. Scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (G-H) Transwell invasion experiment, LYVE1 - BLM and LYVE1 + BLM incubated with 150 μM NAR for 48h were added to the lower chamber of 24-well plate and Ctrl was set, and A549 cells were added to the upper chamber. scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (I-J) LYVE1 - BLM/LYVE1 + BLM and A549 cells were co-cultured with 150 μM NAR for 48 h, and analyzed the expression of EMT-related (E-cadherin, vimentin) mRNA and protein levels of A549 cells by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (K-L) LYVE1 - BLM/LYVE1 + BLM and HFL1 cells were co-cultured with 150 μM NAR induction for 48h, and analyzed the expression of FMT-related (fibronectin, COL1A1, α-SMA) mRNA and protein levels of HFL1 cells by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (M) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for E-cadherin, vimentin, fibronectin, COL1A1 and α-SMA (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Techniques Used: Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Co-Culture Assay, Incubation, Cell Culture, Immunofluorescence, Staining

NAR reduces TGF-β1 secretion by enhancing LYVE1 expression in macrophages. (A) The expression of macrophage-related pulmonary fibrosis cytokines TGF-β1, TGF-β2, CXCL2, and CXCL4-related mRNA in LYVE1 - BLM and LYVE1 + BLM were analyzed by RT-qPCR (n = 3). (B-C) The expression of TGF-β1 protein levels in human lung tissue (n = 4) and the expression of TGF-β1 protein levels in the mice lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for TGF-β1 (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) The expression of TGF-β1 in serum of Ctrl, RA, and RA-ILD patients by ELISA (n = 20). (F) The expression of TGF-β1 in BLM supernatant by ELISA (n = 3). (G-H) The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein levels BLM treated with various concentrations of NAR for 48 h by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3), (I) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and TGF-β1 (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, scale bar: 10 μm. (J) The expression of LYVE1, 14-3-3ζ and TGF-β1 protein levels in LYVE1 - BLM and si-LYVE1 RNA interfered LYVE1 + BLM induced by 150 μM NAR for 48h were analyzed by western blotting. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Figure Legend Snippet: NAR reduces TGF-β1 secretion by enhancing LYVE1 expression in macrophages. (A) The expression of macrophage-related pulmonary fibrosis cytokines TGF-β1, TGF-β2, CXCL2, and CXCL4-related mRNA in LYVE1 - BLM and LYVE1 + BLM were analyzed by RT-qPCR (n = 3). (B-C) The expression of TGF-β1 protein levels in human lung tissue (n = 4) and the expression of TGF-β1 protein levels in the mice lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for TGF-β1 (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) The expression of TGF-β1 in serum of Ctrl, RA, and RA-ILD patients by ELISA (n = 20). (F) The expression of TGF-β1 in BLM supernatant by ELISA (n = 3). (G-H) The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein levels BLM treated with various concentrations of NAR for 48 h by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3), (I) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and TGF-β1 (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, scale bar: 10 μm. (J) The expression of LYVE1, 14-3-3ζ and TGF-β1 protein levels in LYVE1 - BLM and si-LYVE1 RNA interfered LYVE1 + BLM induced by 150 μM NAR for 48h were analyzed by western blotting. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Techniques Used: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Confocal Microscopy

NAR alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by reducing TGF-β1 secretion from LYVE1 + macrophages. (A-B) Scratch experiment, added LYVE1 + BLM which incubated with 150 μM NAR for 48 h in the upper chamber, TGF-β1 5 ng/ml was added to the lower chamber. scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (C-D) Transwell invasion experiment, LYVE1 + BLM which incubated with 150 μM NAR for 48 h was added to the lower chamber of a 24-well plate. A549 cells were added to the upper chamber, with the addition of TGF-β1 5 ng/ml scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (E-H) LYVE1 + BLM which were induced with 150 μM NAR for 48h were co-cultured with A549/HFL1 cells for 48 h, with the addition of TGF-β1 5 ng/ml. The expression of EMT/FMT-related mRNA and proteins levels in A549/HFL1 cells were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Figure Legend Snippet: NAR alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by reducing TGF-β1 secretion from LYVE1 + macrophages. (A-B) Scratch experiment, added LYVE1 + BLM which incubated with 150 μM NAR for 48 h in the upper chamber, TGF-β1 5 ng/ml was added to the lower chamber. scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (C-D) Transwell invasion experiment, LYVE1 + BLM which incubated with 150 μM NAR for 48 h was added to the lower chamber of a 24-well plate. A549 cells were added to the upper chamber, with the addition of TGF-β1 5 ng/ml scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (E-H) LYVE1 + BLM which were induced with 150 μM NAR for 48h were co-cultured with A549/HFL1 cells for 48 h, with the addition of TGF-β1 5 ng/ml. The expression of EMT/FMT-related mRNA and proteins levels in A549/HFL1 cells were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Techniques Used: Incubation, Cell Culture, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

NAR promotes the expression of LYVE1 to inhibit TGF-β1 secretion by targeting 14-3-3ζ in macrophages, which can alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in patients with RA-ILD.

Figure Legend Snippet: NAR promotes the expression of LYVE1 to inhibit TGF-β1 secretion by targeting 14-3-3ζ in macrophages, which can alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in patients with RA-ILD.

Techniques Used: Expressing

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Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Naringin nanoparticles alleviate RA-ILD pulmonary fibrosis by targeting 14-3-3ζ to inhibit LYVE1 + macrophages TGF-β1 secretion

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102982

Figure Lengend Snippet: NAR promotes LYVE1 expression in lung macrophages. (A) Differentially expressed genes of LYVE1 were screened out from lung tissue of CIA-ILD mice and lung tissue of NAR + CIA-ILD mice. (B) The expression of LYVE1 protein levels in the human tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 4). (C) The expression of LYVE1 protein levels in the mice lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) BLM in alveolar lavage fluid of RA-ILD patients were sifted by flow cytometry. (F-G) The expression of LYVE1 mRNA and protein levels in BLM induced by NAR at different concentrations for 48 h were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (H) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and CD68 (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, scale bar: 10 μm ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: To conduct the staining procedure, employ the following antibodies: CD68 (santa cruz biotechnology, inc) and LYVE1 (fitzgerald industries international, LYVE1 antibody).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Quantitative RT-PCR, Confocal Microscopy

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Naringin nanoparticles alleviate RA-ILD pulmonary fibrosis by targeting 14-3-3ζ to inhibit LYVE1 + macrophages TGF-β1 secretion

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102982

Figure Lengend Snippet: NAR targets 14-3-3ζ to promote LYVE1 expression in lung macrophages. (A) The target prediction process of NAR acting on BLM. (B) The expression of 14-3-3ζ protein levels in the human lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 4). (C) The expression of 14-3-3ζ protein levels in lung tissue of experimental mice were analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for 14-3-3ζ (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) The predictive model of NAR binding to 14-3-3ζ. (F) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and 14-3-3ζ (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48h, scale bar: 10 μm. (G) NAR binding affinity to 14-3-3ζ was determined by MST. (H-I) Binding ability of NAR to 14-3-3ζ at different temperatures (H) and different doses (I) was analyzed by CETSA. (J) BLM were transfected by OE-14-3-3ζ mRNA, and were induced with 150 μM NAR for 48 h. The expression of LYVE1/14-3-3ζ protein levels were analyzed by western blotting. (n = 3); (K) Luciferase activity assay was conducted on BLM transfected by OE-14-3-3ζ mRNA and treated with 150 μM NAR for 48 h (n = 3). (L-M) BLM were transfected by si-14-3-3ζ RNA, and were induced with 150 μM NAR for 48 h. The expression of LYVE1/14-3-3ζ mRNA and protein levels were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: To conduct the staining procedure, employ the following antibodies: CD68 (santa cruz biotechnology, inc) and LYVE1 (fitzgerald industries international, LYVE1 antibody).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Binding Assay, Confocal Microscopy, Transfection, Luciferase, Activity Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Naringin nanoparticles alleviate RA-ILD pulmonary fibrosis by targeting 14-3-3ζ to inhibit LYVE1 + macrophages TGF-β1 secretion

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102982

Figure Lengend Snippet: NAR-induced LYVE1 + macrophages suppress EMT in pulmonary epithelial cells and FMT in lung fibroblasts. (A) CD68 + LYVE1 - BLM and CD68 + LYVE1 + BLM were sorted by flow cytometry. (B-C) After LYVE1 + BLM and LYVE1 - BLM were induced by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, analyzed the expression of LYVE1 and 14-3-3ζ mRNA and protein levels by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (D) The flowchart of co-culture of NAR-induced BLM and A549/HFL1 cells. (E-F) Scratch experiment, added LYVE1 - BLM and LYVE1 + BLM which were induced by NAR, and set up Ctrl. Scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (G-H) Transwell invasion experiment, LYVE1 - BLM and LYVE1 + BLM incubated with 150 μM NAR for 48h were added to the lower chamber of 24-well plate and Ctrl was set, and A549 cells were added to the upper chamber. scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (I-J) LYVE1 - BLM/LYVE1 + BLM and A549 cells were co-cultured with 150 μM NAR for 48 h, and analyzed the expression of EMT-related (E-cadherin, vimentin) mRNA and protein levels of A549 cells by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (K-L) LYVE1 - BLM/LYVE1 + BLM and HFL1 cells were co-cultured with 150 μM NAR induction for 48h, and analyzed the expression of FMT-related (fibronectin, COL1A1, α-SMA) mRNA and protein levels of HFL1 cells by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). (M) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for E-cadherin, vimentin, fibronectin, COL1A1 and α-SMA (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: To conduct the staining procedure, employ the following antibodies: CD68 (santa cruz biotechnology, inc) and LYVE1 (fitzgerald industries international, LYVE1 antibody).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Co-Culture Assay, Incubation, Cell Culture, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Naringin nanoparticles alleviate RA-ILD pulmonary fibrosis by targeting 14-3-3ζ to inhibit LYVE1 + macrophages TGF-β1 secretion

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102982

Figure Lengend Snippet: NAR reduces TGF-β1 secretion by enhancing LYVE1 expression in macrophages. (A) The expression of macrophage-related pulmonary fibrosis cytokines TGF-β1, TGF-β2, CXCL2, and CXCL4-related mRNA in LYVE1 - BLM and LYVE1 + BLM were analyzed by RT-qPCR (n = 3). (B-C) The expression of TGF-β1 protein levels in human lung tissue (n = 4) and the expression of TGF-β1 protein levels in the mice lung tissue was analyzed by western blotting (n = 3). (D) Representative images showing immunofluorescence staining for TGF-β1 (RED) in mice lung tissue, scale bar: 100 μm, 50 μm. (E) The expression of TGF-β1 in serum of Ctrl, RA, and RA-ILD patients by ELISA (n = 20). (F) The expression of TGF-β1 in BLM supernatant by ELISA (n = 3). (G-H) The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein levels BLM treated with various concentrations of NAR for 48 h by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3), (I) Representative confocal microscopy images showing immunofluorescence staining for LYVE1 (RED) and TGF-β1 (GREEN) in BLM induce by 150 μM NAR for 48 h, scale bar: 10 μm. (J) The expression of LYVE1, 14-3-3ζ and TGF-β1 protein levels in LYVE1 - BLM and si-LYVE1 RNA interfered LYVE1 + BLM induced by 150 μM NAR for 48h were analyzed by western blotting. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: To conduct the staining procedure, employ the following antibodies: CD68 (santa cruz biotechnology, inc) and LYVE1 (fitzgerald industries international, LYVE1 antibody).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Confocal Microscopy

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Naringin nanoparticles alleviate RA-ILD pulmonary fibrosis by targeting 14-3-3ζ to inhibit LYVE1 + macrophages TGF-β1 secretion

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102982

Figure Lengend Snippet: NAR alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by reducing TGF-β1 secretion from LYVE1 + macrophages. (A-B) Scratch experiment, added LYVE1 + BLM which incubated with 150 μM NAR for 48 h in the upper chamber, TGF-β1 5 ng/ml was added to the lower chamber. scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (C-D) Transwell invasion experiment, LYVE1 + BLM which incubated with 150 μM NAR for 48 h was added to the lower chamber of a 24-well plate. A549 cells were added to the upper chamber, with the addition of TGF-β1 5 ng/ml scale bar: 750 μm (n = 3). (E-H) LYVE1 + BLM which were induced with 150 μM NAR for 48h were co-cultured with A549/HFL1 cells for 48 h, with the addition of TGF-β1 5 ng/ml. The expression of EMT/FMT-related mRNA and proteins levels in A549/HFL1 cells were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting (n = 3). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: To conduct the staining procedure, employ the following antibodies: CD68 (santa cruz biotechnology, inc) and LYVE1 (fitzgerald industries international, LYVE1 antibody).

Techniques: Incubation, Cell Culture, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Naringin nanoparticles alleviate RA-ILD pulmonary fibrosis by targeting 14-3-3ζ to inhibit LYVE1 + macrophages TGF-β1 secretion

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102982

Figure Lengend Snippet: NAR promotes the expression of LYVE1 to inhibit TGF-β1 secretion by targeting 14-3-3ζ in macrophages, which can alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in patients with RA-ILD.

Article Snippet: To conduct the staining procedure, employ the following antibodies: CD68 (santa cruz biotechnology, inc) and LYVE1 (fitzgerald industries international, LYVE1 antibody).

Techniques: Expressing

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